Indicator 12.1 Sex Ratio at Birth  
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 Some societies have a sexual bias, which leads parents to determine the sex of their babies, resulting in an imbalance in the population structure.  
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  Sex ratio at birth  
     
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 Males outnumbered females at birth. Sex ratio at birth was approximately 0.94 in every part of the country. Some provinces showed drastic fluctuations between years, but the ratio was always in favour of males. No provinces exhibit an usually high or low ratio for a continued period of time.  
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 Sex ratio by region  
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Sex ratio at birth 2002 2003 2004
live births (number) female/male ratio live births (number) female/male ratio live births (number) female/male ratio
male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 403,398 379,513 782,911 0.94 382,621 359,562 742,183 0.94 418,361 394,708 813,069 94.35
Bangkok Metropolis 58,955 55,423 114,378 0.94 58,734 54,550 113,284 0.93 60,764 56,837 117,601 93.54
Central Region 97,869 91,646 189,515 0.94 90,640 85,223 175,863 0.94 106,695 100,346 207,041 94.05
Northern Region 59,593 56,478 116,071 0.95 57,520 53,994 111,514 0.94 61,327 57,696 119,023 94.08
Northeastern Region 121,996 115,277 237,273 0.94 111,897 106,007 217,904 0.95 121,569 115,483 237,052 94.99
Southern Region 64,985 60,689 125,674 0.93 63,830 59,788 123,618 0.94 68,006 64,346 132,352 94.62
 
 
Sex ratio at birth 2005 2006
live births (number) female/male ratio live births (number) female/male ratio
male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 416,474 393,011 809,485 0.94 409,231 384,392 793,623 0.94
Bangkok Metropolis 58,760 54,912 113,672 0.93 57,282 53,452 110,734 0.93
Central Region 107,615 101,620 209,235 0.94 109,752 103,002 212,754 0.94
Northern Region 60,725 57,210 117,935 0.94 58,792 55,312 114,104 0.94
Northeastern Region 119,858 113,766 233,624 0.95 114,726 107,719 222,445 0.94
Southern Region 69,516 65,503 135,019 0.94 68,679 64,907 133,586 0.95
 
     
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Sex ratio at birth 2006
live births (number) female/male ratio
male female total
Chiang Mai 9,878 9,044 18,922 0.92
Lamphun 1,724 1,566 3,290 0.91
Lampang 2,782 2,615 5,397 0.94
Uttaradit 2,161 1,959 4,120 0.91
Phrae 1,649 1,649 3,298 1.00
Nan 2,212 2,115 4,327 0.96
Phayao 1,958 1,894 3,852 0.97
Chiang Rai 5,674 5,465 11,139 0.96
Mae Hong Son 1,905 1,775 3,680 0.93
Nakhon Sawan 5,396 5,152 10,548 0.95
Uthai Thani 1,753 1,638 3,391 0.93
Kamphaeng Phet 3,317 3,224 6,541 0.97
Tak 4,134 3,946 8,080 0.95
Sukhothai 2,723 2,467 5,190 0.91
Phitsanulok 4,404 4,135 8,539 0.94
Phichit 2,482 2,420 4,902 0.98
Phetchabun 4,640 4,248 8,888 0.92
Northern Region 58,792 55,312 114,104 0.94
 
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 Northeastern Region Southern Region  
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Sex ratio at birth 2006
live births (number) female/male ratio
male female total
Nakhon Ratchasima 13,955 13,066 27,021 0.94
Buri Ram 8,533 7,776 16,309 0.91
Surin 7,262 6,822 14,084 0.94
Si Sa Ket 7,293 6,767 14,060 0.93
Ubon Ratchathani 10,713 10,159 20,872 0.95
Yasothon 2,488 2,377 4,865 0.96
Chaiyaphum 5,296 4,955 10,251 0.94
Amnat Charoen 1,988 1,810 3,798 0.91
Nong Bua Lam Phu 2,750 2,608 5,358 0.95
Khon Kaen 9,892 9,337 19,229 0.94
Udon Thani 8,633 8,240 16,873 0.95
Loei 3,427 3,214 6,641 0.94
Nong Khai 5,032 4,831 9,863 0.96
Maha Sarakham 4,104 3,858 7,962 0.94
Roi Et 5,731 5,343 11,074 0.93
Kalasin 4,711 4,451 9,162 0.94
Sakon Nakhon 6,978 6,436 13,414 0.92
Nakhon Phanom 3,970 3,830 7,800 0.96
Mukdahan 1,970 1,839 3,809 0.93
Northeastern Region 114,726 107,719 222,445 0.94
 
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Sex ratio at birth 2006
live births (number) female/male ratio
male female total
Nakhon Si Thammarat 9,230 8,825 18,055 0.96
Krabi 3,679 3,359 7,038 0.91
Phang-nga 1,697 1,602 3,299 0.94
Phuket 3,555 3,196 6,751 0.90
Surat Thani 7,568 7,274 14,842 0.96
Ranong 1,074 1,052 2,126 0.98
Chumphon 3,137 2,974 6,111 0.95
Songkhla 10,874 10,175 21,049 0.94
Satun 2,361 2,235 4,596 0.95
Trang 4,727 4,450 9,177 0.94
Phatthalung 2,880 2,796 5,676 0.97
Pattani 6,055 5,712 11,767 0.94
Yala 5,238 4,933 10,171 0.94
Narathiwat 6,604 6,324 12,928 0.96
Southern Region 68,679 64,907 133,586 0.95
 
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  Indicator 12.2 Infant Mortality Rate  
     
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 About 70% of children who die before reaching the age of five die during their first year. Taking care of infants during this crucial period is therefore very important. The family’s socio-economic conditions especially those concerning the mother’s health have immense impacts on the infant’s life and health. Healthy nutrition, knowledge about and access to pre-natal, maternal and child healthcare, immunization are some key factors to mother and child’s health.  
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 Infant mortality  
     
  Infant mortality rate during 2002-2006 remained largely the same. In 2006, the national infant mortality rate was 7.4 per 1,000 live births. The South consistently recorded the highest rate. The rate was noticeably higher among male infants throughout the country.  
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  In 2006, provinces with the highest infant mortality rates were Narathiwat (13), Phitsanulok (12.41), Khon Kaen (12.38), Ubon Ratchathani (12.03), and Yala (11.11)  
     
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 Provinces with the lowest infant mortality rates were Mukdahan (3.68), Phatthalung (3.88), Amnat Charoen (3.95), Maha Sarakham (4.14), Singburi (4.47).  
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 Infant mortality rate by sex, and region
  
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Infant mortality rate 2002 2003
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate(per 1,000 live births) Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate(per 1,000 live births)
Whole Kingdom 2,838 2,267 5,105 403,398 379,513 782,911 7.04 5.97 6.52 2,914 2,434 5,348 382,621 359,562 742,183 7.62 6.77 7.21
Bangkok Metropolis 437 363 800 58,955 55,423 114,378 7.41 6.55 6.99 465 387 852 58,734 54,550 113,284 7.92 7.09 7.52
Central Region 676 539 1,215 97,869 91,646 189,515 6.91 5.88 6.41 621 528 1,149 90,640 85,223 175,863 6.85 6.20 6.53
Northern Region 430 340 770 59,593 56,478 116,071 7.22 6.02 6.63 477 391 868 57,520 53,994 111,514 8.29 7.24 7.78
Northeastern Region 781 618 1,399 121,996 115,277 237,273 6.40 5.36 5.90 822 682 1,504 111,897 106,007 217,904 7.35 6.43 6.90
Southern Region 514 407 921 64,985 60,689 125,674 7.91 6.71 7.33 529 446 975 63,830 59,788 123,618 8.29 7.46 7.89
 
 
Infant mortality rate 2004 2005
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate(per 1,000 live births) Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate(per 1,000 live births)
Whole Kingdom 3,407 2,654 6,061 418,361 394,708 813,069 8.14 6.72 7.45 3,450 2,733 6,183 416,474 393,011 809,485 8.28 6.95 7.64
Bangkok Metropolis 468 414 882 60,764 56,837 117,601 7.70 7.28 7.50 487 406 893 58,760 54,912 113,672 8.29 7.39 7.86
Central Region 831 642 1,473 106,695 100,346 207,041 7.79 6.40 7.11 838 583 1,421 107,615 101,620 209,235 7.79 5.74 6.79
Northern Region 474 401 875 61,327 57,696 119,023 7.73 6.95 7.35 491 391 882 60,725 57,210 117,935 8.09 6.83 7.48
Northeastern Region 1,032 739 1,771 121,569 115,483 237,052 8.49 6.40 7.47 1,015 847 1,862 119,858 113,766 233,624 8.47 7.45 7.97
Southern Region 602 458 1,060 68,006 64,346 132,352 8.85 7.12 8.01 619 506 1,125 69,516 65,503 135,019 8.90 7.72 8.33
 
 
Infant mortality rate 2006
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate(per 1,000 live births)
Whole Kingdom 3,308 2,547 5,855 409,231 384,392 793,623
Bangkok Metropolis 488 391 879 57,282 53,452 110,734
Central Region 791 571 1,362 109,752 103,002 212,754
Northern Region 482 370 852 58,792 55,312 114,104
Northeastern Region 944 737 1,681 114,726 107,719 222,445
Southern Region 603 478 1,081 68,679 64,907 133,586
 
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 Infant mortality rate by sex, and province  
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 Bangkok Metropolis  
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Infant mortality rate 2006
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Bangkok Metropolis 488 391 879 57,282 53,452 110,734 8.52 7.31 7.94
 
  Central Region Northern Region  
     
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Infant mortality rate 2006
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Samut Prakan 57 48 105 9,690 8,970 18,660 5.88 5.35 5.63
Nonthaburi 49 39 88 5,895 5,619 11,514 8.31 6.94 7.64
Pathum Thani 46 32 78 7,783 7,179 14,962 5.91 4.46 5.21
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 34 24 58 4,932 4,814 9,746 6.89 4.99 5.95
Ang Thong 14 12 26 1,461 1,389 2,850 9.58 8.64 9.12
Lop Buri 22 21 43 3,897 3,779 7,676 5.65 5.56 5.60
Sing Buri 2 8 10 1,159 1,078 2,237 1.73 7.42 4.47
Chai Nat 11 9 20 1,429 1,362 2,791 7.70 6.61 7.17
Saraburi 32 28 60 4,516 4,225 8,741 7.09 6.63 6.86
Chon Buri 89 57 146 14,108 13,249 27,357 6.31 4.30 5.34
Rayong 24 30 54 4,914 4,681 9,595 4.88 6.41 5.63
Chanthaburi 31 16 47 3,244 3,097 6,341 9.56 5.17 7.41
Trat 6 8 14 1,322 1,220 2,542 4.54 6.56 5.51
Chachoengsao 33 27 60 4,115 4,009 8,124 8.02 6.73 7.39
Prachin Buri 28 13 41 3,026 2,794 5,820 9.25 4.65 7.04
Nakhon Nayok 19 11 30 1,516 1,403 2,919 12.53 7.84 10.28
Sa Kaeo 21 20 41 3,018 2,865 5,883 6.96 6.98 6.97
Ratchaburi 50 30 80 5,811 5,403 11,214 8.60 5.55 7.13
Kanchanaburi 32 31 63 5,117 4,649 9,766 6.25 6.67 6.45
Suphan Buri 45 19 64 4,636 4,438 9,074 9.71 4.28 7.05
Nakhon Pathom 43 29 72 4,865 4,705 9,570 8.84 6.16 7.52
Samut Sakhon 49 25 74 6,285 5,840 12,125 7.80 4.28 6.10
Samut Songkhram 9 4 13 902 749 1,651 9.98 5.34 7.87
Phetchaburi 22 15 37 2,825 2,557 5,382 7.79 5.87 6.87
Prachuap Khiri Khan 23 15 38 3,286 2,928 6,214 7.00 5.12 6.12
Central Region 791 571 1,362 109,752 103,002 212,754 7.21 5.54 6.40
 
     
 
Infant mortality rate 2006
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Chiang Mai 83 74 157 9,878 9,044 18,922 8.40 8.18 8.30
Lamphun 19 9 28 1,724 1,566 3,290 11.02 5.75 8.51
Lampang 21 14 35 2,782 2,615 5,397 7.55 5.35 6.49
Uttaradit 15 9 24 2,161 1,959 4,120 6.94 4.59 5.83
Phrae 15 11 26 1,649 1,649 3,298 9.10 6.67 7.88
Nan 23 11 34 2,212 2,115 4,327 10.40 5.20 7.86
Phayao 14 14 28 1,958 1,894 3,852 7.15 7.39 7.27
Chiang Rai 41 30 71 5,674 5,465 11,139 7.23 5.49 6.37
Mae Hong Son 23 9 32 1,905 1,775 3,680 12.07 5.07 8.70
Nakhon Sawan 54 45 99 5,396 5,152 10,548 10.01 8.73 9.39
Uthai Thani 12 6 18 1,753 1,638 3,391 6.85 3.66 5.31
Kamphaeng Phet 22 12 34 3,317 3,224 6,541 6.63 3.72 5.20
Tak 29 26 55 4,134 3,946 8,080 7.01 6.59 6.81
Sukhothai 22 17 39 2,723 2,467 5,190 8.08 6.89 7.51
Phitsanulok 51 55 106 4,404 4,135 8,539 11.58 13.30 12.41
Phichit 13 11 24 2,482 2,420 4,902 5.24 4.55 4.90
Phetchabun 25 17 42 4,640 4,248 8,888 5.39 4.00 4.73
Northern Region 482 370 852 58,792 55,312 114,104 8.20 6.69 7.47
 
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 Northeastern Region Southern Region  
     
 
Infant mortality rate 2006
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Nakhon Ratchasima 94 83 177 13,955 13,066 27,021 6.74 6.35 6.55
Buri Ram 61 39 100 8,533 7,776 16,309 7.15 5.02 6.13
Surin 43 31 74 7,262 6,822 14,084 5.92 4.54 5.25
Si Sa Ket 49 36 85 7,293 6,767 14,060 6.72 5.32 6.05
Ubon Ratchathani 142 109 251 10,713 10,159 20,872 13.25 10.73 12.03
Yasothon 9 20 29 2,488 2,377 4,865 3.62 8.41 5.96
Chaiyaphum 46 36 82 5,296 4,955 10,251 8.69 7.27 8.00
Amnat Charoen 9 6 15 1,988 1,810 3,798 4.53 3.31 3.95
Nong Bua Lam Phu 22 19 41 2,750 2,608 5,358 8.00 7.29 7.65
Khon Kaen 136 102 238 9,892 9,337 19,229 13.75 10.92 12.38
Udon Thani 67 52 119 8,633 8,240 16,873 7.76 6.31 7.05
Loei 23 11 34 3,427 3,214 6,641 6.71 3.42 5.12
Nong Khai 35 30 65 5,032 4,831 9,863 6.96 6.21 6.59
Maha Sarakham 17 16 33 4,104 3,858 7,962 4.14 4.15 4.14
Roi Et 60 40 100 5,731 5,343 11,074 10.47 7.49 9.03
Kalasin 52 45 97 4,711 4,451 9,162 11.04 10.11 10.59
Sakon Nakhon 51 33 84 6,978 6,436 13,414 7.31 5.13 6.26
Nakhon Phanom 21 22 43 3,970 3,830 7,800 5.29 5.74 5.51
Mukdahan 7 7 14 1,970 1,839 3,809 3.55 3.81 3.68
Northeastern Region 944 737 1,681 114,726 107,719 222,445 8.23 6.84 7.56
 
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Infant mortality rate 2006
Infant deaths (number) live births (number) infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Nakhon Si Thammarat 57 27 84 9,230 8,825 18,055 6.18 3.06 4.65
Krabi 27 26 53 3,679 3,359 7,038 7.34 7.74 7.53
Phang-nga 7 11 18 1,697 1,602 3,299 4.12 6.87 5.46
Phuket 32 33 65 3,555 3,196 6,751 9.00 10.33 9.63
Surat Thani 61 49 110 7,568 7,274 14,842 8.06 6.74 7.41
Ranong 8 3 11 1,074 1,052 2,126 7.45 2.85 5.17
Chumphon 18 17 35 3,137 2,974 6,111 5.74 5.72 5.73
Songkhla 102 87 189 10,874 10,175 21,049 9.38 8.55 8.98
Satun 19 8 27 2,361 2,235 4,596 8.05 3.58 5.87
Trang 23 36 59 4,727 4,450 9,177 4.87 8.09 6.43
Phatthalung 9 13 22 2,880 2,796 5,676 3.13 4.65 3.88
Pattani 73 54 127 6,055 5,712 11,767 12.06 9.45 10.79
Yala 65 48 113 5,238 4,933 10,171 12.41 9.73 11.11
Narathiwat 102 66 168 6,604 6,324 12,928 15.45 10.44 13.00
Southern Region 603 478 1,081 68,679 64,907 133,586 8.78 7.36 8.09
 
     
  Indicator 12.3 Under 5 Mortality Rate  
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  Although Thailand’s U5M rate has continued to drop, it is still high compared with less than 6 per 1,000 live births in developed countries. This means a need for an improvement in maternal and child health to ensure that the mother, the family and the community have adequate knowledge and skills about child rearing. Most significant causes of death among children under fi ve years of age are drowning, accident, injury/assault. Other causes are AIDS, dengue fever, respiratory infection, other infections, birth defect.  
     
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 Under five mortality  
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Under five mortality rate dropped slightly from 11.73 per 1,000 live births in 2002 to 10.45 per 1,000 live births in 2006. The improvement took place in every area except for Bangkok. The South lagged behind other regions, and boys had higher mortality rate all over the country.

In 2006, provinces with the highest U5M were Narathiwat (18.41), Khon Kaen (16.75), Phitsanulok (16.28), Yala (15.63), and Ubon Ratchathani (15.57).

Provinces with the lowest U5M were Amnat Charoen (5.27), Mukdahan (5.78), Singburi (5.81), Pattani (6.34) and Ranong (6.59).

 
     
  Under five mortality rate by sex, and region  
     
 
Under five mortality rate 2002 2003
under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate(per 1,000 live births) under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate(per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 5,049 4,132 9,181 403,398 379,513 782,911 12.52 10.89 11.73 4,905 3,971 8,876 382,621 359,562 742,183 12.82 11.04 11.96
Bangkok Metropolis 614 497 1,111 58,955 55,423 114,378 10.41 8.97 9.71 623 513 1,136 58,734 54,550 113,284 10.61 9.40 10.03
Central Region 1,274 1,045 2,319 97,869 91,646 189,515 13.02 11.40 12.24 1,179 944 2,123 90,640 85,223 175,863 13.01 11.08 12.07
Northern Region 821 723 1,544 59,593 56,478 116,071 13.78 12.80 13.30 770 645 1,415 57,520 53,994 111,514 13.39 11.95 12.69
Northeastern Region 1,459 1,131 2,590 121,996 115,277 237,273 11.96 9.81 10.92 1,445 1,143 2,588 111,897 106,007 217,904 12.91 10.78 11.88
Southern Region 881 736 1,617 64,985 60,689 125,674 13.56 12.13 12.87 888 726 1,614 63,830 59,788 123,618 13.91 12.14 13.06
 
 
Under five mortality rate 2004 2005
under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate(per 1,000 live births) under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate(per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 5,150 4,002 9,152 418,361 394,708 813,069 12.31 10.14 11.26 4,903 3,816 8,719 416,474 393,011 809,485 11.77 9.71 10.77
Bangkok Metropolis 628 512 1,140 60,764 56,837 117,601 10.34 9.01 9.69 633 509 1,142 58,760 54,912 113,672 10.77 9.27 10.05
Central Region 1,278 988 2,266 106,695 100,346 207,041 11.98 9.85 10.94 1,263 854 2,117 107,615 101,620 209,235 11.74 8.40 10.12
Northern Region 729 634 1,363 61,327 57,696 119,023 11.89 10.99 11.45 715 556 1,271 60,725 57,210 117,935 11.77 9.72 10.78
Northeastern Region 1,594 1,136 2,730 121,569 115,483 237,052 13.11 9.84 11.52 1,435 1,194 2,629 119,858 113,766 233,624 11.97 10.50 11.25
Southern Region 921 732 1,653 68,006 64,346 132,352 13.54 11.38 12.49 857 703 1,560 69,516 65,503 135,019 12.33 10.73 11.55
 
 
Under five mortality rate 2006
under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate(per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 4,795 3,497 8,292 409,231 384,392 793,623 11.72 9.10 10.45
Bangkok Metropolis 639 484 1,123 57,282 53,452 110,734 11.16 9.05 10.14
Central Region 1,172 819 1,991 109,752 103,002 212,754 10.68 7.95 9.36
Northern Region 708 522 1,230 58,792 55,312 114,104 12.04 9.44 10.78
Northeastern Region 1,410 1,001 2,411 114,726 107,719 222,445 12.29 9.29 10.84
Southern Region 866 671 1,537 68,679 64,907 133,586 12.61 10.34 11.51
 
  Bangkok Metropolis  
     
 
Under five mortality rate 2006
under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate (per1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Bangkok Metropolis 639 484 1,123 57,282 53,452 110,734 11.16 9.05 10.14
 
     
  Central Region Northern Region Northeastern Region  
     
 
Under five mortality rate 2006
under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate (per1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Samut Prakan 81 65 146 9,690 8,970 18,660 8.36 7.25 7.82
Nonthaburi 81 69 150 5,895 5,619 11,514 13.74 12.28 13.03
Pathum Thani 65 52 117 7,783 7,179 14,962 8.35 7.24 7.82
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 51 30 81 4,932 4,814 9,746 10.34 6.23 8.31
Ang Thong 19 15 34 1,461 1,389 2,850 13.00 10.80 11.93
Lop Buri 34 26 60 3,897 3,779 7,676 8.72 6.88 7.82
Sing Buri 4 9 13 1,159 1,078 2,237 3.45 8.35 5.81
Chai Nat 15 11 26 1,429 1,362 2,791 10.50 8.08 9.32
Saraburi 50 38 88 4,516 4,225 8,741 11.07 8.99 10.07
Chon Buri 123 78 201 14,108 13,249 27,357 8.72 5.89 7.35
Rayong 37 42 79 4,914 4,681 9,595 7.53 8.97 8.23
Chanthaburi 45 23 68 3,244 3,097 6,341 13.87 7.43 10.72
Trat 7 10 17 1,322 1,220 2,542 5.30 8.20 6.69
Chachoengsao 56 40 96 4,115 4,009 8,124 13.61 9.98 11.82
Prachin Buri 38 24 62 3,026 2,794 5,820 12.56 8.59 10.65
Nakhon Nayok 29 14 43 1,516 1,403 2,919 19.13 9.98 14.73
Sa Kaeo 32 26 58 3,018 2,865 5,883 10.60 9.08 9.86
Ratchaburi 72 39 111 5,811 5,403 11,214 12.39 7.22 9.90
Kanchanaburi 52 49 101 5,117 4,649 9,766 10.16 10.54 10.34
Suphan Buri 68 35 103 4,636 4,438 9,074 14.67 7.89 11.35
Nakhon Pathom 67 44 111 4,865 4,705 9,570 13.77 9.35 11.60
Samut Sakhon 62 32 94 6,285 5,840 12,125 9.86 5.48 7.75
Samut Songkhram 15 6 21 902 749 1,651 16.63 8.01 12.72
Phetchaburi 32 22 54 2,825 2,557 5,382 11.33 8.60 10.03
Prachuap Khiri Khan 37 20 57 3,286 2,928 6,214 11.26 6.83 9.17
Central Region 1,172 819 1,991 109,752 103,002 212,754 10.68 7.95 9.36
 
     
 
Under five mortality rate 2006
underfivedeaths(number) live births (number) under five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Chiang Mai 137 104 241 9,878 9,044 18,922 13.87 11.50 12.74
Lamphun 20 10 30 1,724 1,566 3,290 11.60 6.39 9.12
Lampang 26 15 41 2,782 2,615 5,397 9.35 5.74 7.60
Uttaradit 24 16 40 2,161 1,959 4,120 11.11 8.17 9.71
Phrae 15 11 26 1,649 1,649 3,298 9.10 6.67 7.88
Nan 28 20 48 2,212 2,115 4,327 12.66 9.46 11.09
Phayao 23 16 39 1,958 1,894 3,852 11.75 8.45 10.12
Chiang Rai 64 47 111 5,674 5,465 11,139 11.28 8.60 9.96
Mae Hong Son 33 20 53 1,905 1,775 3,680 17.32 11.27 14.40
Nakhon Sawan 74 62 136 5,396 5,152 10,548 13.71 12.03 12.89
Uthai Thani 15 9 24 1,753 1,638 3,391 8.56 5.49 7.08
Kamphaeng Phet 37 23 60 3,317 3,224 6,541 11.15 7.13 9.17
Tak 45 33 78 4,134 3,946 8,080 10.89 8.36 9.65
Sukhothai 31 23 54 2,723 2,467 5,190 11.38 9.32 10.40
Phitsanulok 70 69 139 4,404 4,135 8,539 15.89 16.69 16.28
Phichit 22 17 39 2,482 2,420 4,902 8.86 7.02 7.96
Phetchabun 44 27 71 4,640 4,248 8,888 9.48 6.36 7.99
Northern Region 708 522 1,230 58,792 55,312 114,104 12.04 9.44 10.78
 
 
Under five mortality rate 2006
under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Nakhon Ratchasima 157 118 275 13,955 13,066 27,021 11.25 9.03 10.18
Buri Ram 104 61 165 8,533 7,776 16,309 12.19 7.84 10.12
Surin 81 51 132 7,262 6,822 14,084 11.15 7.48 9.37
Si Sa Ket 77 47 124 7,293 6,767 14,060 10.56 6.95 8.82
Ubon Ratchathani 188 137 325 10,713 10,159 20,872 17.55 13.49 15.57
Yasothon 15 24 39 2,488 2,377 4,865 6.03 10.10 8.02
Chaiyaphum 63 46 109 5,296 4,955 10,251 11.90 9.28 10.63
Amnat Charoen 12 8 20 1,988 1,810 3,798 6.04 4.42 5.27
Nong Bua Lam Phu 28 25 53 2,750 2,608 5,358 10.18 9.59 9.89
Khon Kaen 189 133 322 9,892 9,337 19,229 19.11 14.24 16.75
Udon Thani 99 69 168 8,633 8,240 16,873 11.47 8.37 9.96
Loei 32 25 57 3,427 3,214 6,641 9.34 7.78 8.58
Nong Khai 53 43 96 5,032 4,831 9,863 10.53 8.90 9.73
Maha Sarakham 30 24 54 4,104 3,858 7,962 7.31 6.22 6.78
Roi Et 85 53 138 5,731 5,343 11,074 14.83 9.92 12.46
Kalasin 70 55 125 4,711 4,451 9,162 14.86 12.36 13.64
Sakon Nakhon 77 41 118 6,978 6,436 13,414 11.03 6.37 8.80
Nakhon Phanom 38 31 69 3,970 3,830 7,800 9.57 8.09 8.85
Mukdahan 12 10 22 1,970 1,839 3,809 6.09 5.44 5.78
Northeastern Region 1,410 1,001 2,411 114,726 107,719 222,445 12.29 9.29 10.84
 
  Southern Region  
 
Under five mortality rate 2006
under five deaths (number) live births (number) under five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births)
male female total male female total male female total
Nakhon Si Thammarat 84 56 140 9,230 8,825 18,055 9.10 6.35 7.75
Krabi 39 38 77 3,679 3,359 7,038 10.60 11.31 10.94
Phang-nga 14 12 26 1,697 1,602 3,299 8.25 7.49 7.88
Phuket 38 38 76 3,555 3,196 6,751 10.69 11.89 11.26
Surat Thani 87 71 158 7,568 7,274 14,842 11.50 9.76 10.65
Ranong 8 6 14 1,074 1,052 2,126 7.45 5.70 6.59
Chumphon 29 29 58 3,137 2,974 6,111 9.24 9.75 9.49
Songkhla 147 113 260 10,874 10,175 21,049 13.52 11.11 12.35
Satun 28 13 41 2,361 2,235 4,596 11.86 5.82 8.92
Trang 39 40 79 4,727 4,450 9,177 8.25 8.99 8.61
Phatthalung 19 17 36 2,880 2,796 5,676 6.60 6.08 6.34
Pattani 101 74 175 6,055 5,712 11,767 16.68 12.96 14.87
Yala 89 70 159 5,238 4,933 10,171 16.99 14.19 15.63
Narathiwat 144 94 238 6,604 6,324 12,928 21.80 14.86 18.41
Southern Region 866 671 1,537 68,679 64,907 133,586 12.61 10.34 11.51
 
     
 

Indicator 12.4 Low Birth Weight (less than 2,500 grammes)

  
     
  Any newborn weighed less than 2,500 grammes is considered to be a case of low birth weight. Newborns with low birth weight are more vulnerable than normal newborns; 75% of newborn deaths are from the low birth weight group. If survive, they may also develop other health problems later on, e.g. limited learning ability, limited visual ability, problems with the respiratory system or digestion system. It is therefore important that health personnel provide nutritional advice to pregnant women and their family members, especially the husband who should play an important role in taking care of their pregnant wife.  
     
  Low birth weight  
     
  During 2002-2006, the low birth weight rate hardly changed and stayed at 9.66% in 2006. The North lagged behind other regions while the situation was best in the South. Low birth weight was more common among female than male newborns in every part of the country.  
     
  In 2006, provinces with the highest low birth weight rates were Tak (20.36), Mae Hon Son (16.20), Lamphun (12.37), Chiang Mai (11.54), Chiang Rai and Ubon Ratchathani (11.25).  
     
  Provinces with the lowest low birth weight rates were Ranong (7.76), Nong Khai (7.98), Nong Bua Lam Phu (7.99), Phatthalung (8.00), and Phayao (8.02).  
     
  Low birth weight by sex, and region  
     
 
Low birth weight 2002 2003
live births less than 2,500 gm.(number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%) live births less than 2,500 gm.(number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 37,090 40,876 77,966 403,398 379,513 782,911 9.19 10.77 9.96 34,413 38,604 73,017 382,621 359,562 742,183 8.99 10.74 9.84
Bangkok Metropolis 5,030 5,738 10,768 58,955 55,423 114,378 8.53 10.35 9.41 5,020 5,683 10,703 58,734 54,550 113,284 8.55 10.42 9.45
Central Region 8,554 9,326 17,880 97,869 91,646 189,515 8.74 10.18 9.43 7,799 8,596 16,395 90,640 85,223 175,863 8.60 10.09 9.32
Northern Region 7,379 7,851 15,230 59,593 56,478 116,071 12.38 13.90 13.12 6,724 7,271 13,995 57,520 53,994 111,514 11.69 13.47 12.55
Northeastern Region 10,845 12,249 23,094 121,996 115,277 237,273 8.89 10.63 9.73 9,577 11,107 20,684 111,897 106,007 217,904 8.56 10.48 9.49
Southern Region 5,282 5,712 10,994 64,985 60,689 125,674 8.13 9.41 8.75 5,293 5,947 11,240 63,830 59,788 123,618 8.29 9.95 9.09
 
 
Low birth weight 2004 2005
live births less than 2,500 gm.(number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%) live births less than 2,500 gm.(number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 35,733 39,897 75,630 418,361 394,708 813,069 8.54 10.11 9.30 35,404 40,109 75,513 416,474 393,011 809,485 8.50 10.21 9.33
Bangkok Metropolis 5,092 5,766 10,858 60,764 56,837 117,601 8.38 10.14 9.23 5,074 5,693 10,767 58,760 54,912 113,672 8.64 10.37 9.47
Central Region 9,030 9,946 18,976 106,695 100,346 207,041 8.46 9.91 9.17 8,896 10,063 18,959 107,615 101,620 209,235 8.27 9.90 9.06
Northern Region 6,304 7,072 13,376 61,327 57,696 119,023 10.28 12.26 11.24 6,208 6,910 13,118 60,725 57,210 117,935 10.22 12.08 11.12
Northeastern Region 9,953 11,111 21,064 121,569 115,483 237,052 8.19 9.62 8.89 9,582 11,091 20,673 119,858 113,766 233,624 7.99 9.75 8.85
Southern Region 5,354 6,002 11,356 68,006 64,346 132,352 7.87 9.33 8.58 5,644 6,352 11,996 69,516 65,503 135,019 8.12 9.70 8.88
 
 
Low birth weight 2006
live births less than 2,500 gm.(number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 36,056 40,633 76,689 409,231 384,392 793,623 8.81 10.57 9.66
Bangkok Metropolis 5,197 5,713 10,910 57,282 53,452 110,734 9.07 10.69 9.85
Central Region 9,446 10,617 20,063 109,752 103,002 212,754 8.61 10.31 9.43
Northern Region 6,113 6,699 12,812 58,792 55,312 114,104 10.40 12.11 11.23
Northeastern Region 9,703 11,220 20,923 114,726 107,719 222,445 8.46 10.42 9.41
Southern Region 5,597 6,384 11,981 68,679 64,907 133,586 8.15 9.84 8.97
 
 

Low birth weight by sex, and province

Bangkok Metropolis

 
 
Low birth weight 2006
live births less than 2,500 gm. (number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total
Bangkok Metropolis 5,197 5,713 10,910 57,282 53,452 110,734 9.07 10.69 9.85
 
  Central Region Northern Region Northeastern Region  
 
Low birth weight 2006
live births less than 2,500 gm. (number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total
Samut Prakan 878 900 1,778 9,690 8,970 18,660 9.06 10.03 9.53
Nonthaburi 500 575 1,075 5,895 5,619 11,514 8.48 10.23 9.34
Pathum Thani 673 720 1,393 7,783 7,179 14,962 8.65 10.03 9.31
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 406 434 840 4,932 4,814 9,746 8.23 9.02 8.62
Ang Thong 135 155 290 1,461 1,389 2,850 9.24 11.16 10.18
Lop Buri 327 393 720 3,897 3,779 7,676 8.39 10.40 9.38
Sing Buri 95 113 208 1,159 1,078 2,237 8.20 10.48 9.30
Chai Nat 120 137 257 1,429 1,362 2,791 8.40 10.06 9.21
Saraburi 364 433 797 4,516 4,225 8,741 8.06 10.25 9.12
Chon Buri 1,208 1,450 2,658 14,108 13,249 27,357 8.56 10.94 9.72
Rayong 460 486 946 4,914 4,681 9,595 9.36 10.38 9.86
Chanthaburi 327 341 668 3,244 3,097 6,341 10.08 11.01 10.53
Trat 108 117 225 1,322 1,220 2,542 8.17 9.59 8.85
Chachoengsao 358 380 738 4,115 4,009 8,124 8.70 9.48 9.08
Prachin Buri 219 320 539 3,026 2,794 5,820 7.24 11.45 9.26
Nakhon Nayok 123 132 255 1,516 1,403 2,919 8.11 9.41 8.74
Sa Kaeo 235 285 520 3,018 2,865 5,883 7.79 9.95 8.84
Ratchaburi 454 568 1,022 5,811 5,403 11,214 7.81 10.51 9.11
Kanchanaburi 451 487 938 5,117 4,649 9,766 8.81 10.48 9.60
Suphan Buri 419 412 831 4,636 4,438 9,074 9.04 9.28 9.16
Nakhon Pathom 424 510 934 4,865 4,705 9,570 8.72 10.84 9.76
Samut Sakhon 592 643 1,235 6,285 5,840 12,125 9.42 11.01 10.19
Samut Songkhram 72 68 140 902 749 1,651 7.98 9.08 8.48
Phetchaburi 247 273 520 2,825 2,557 5,382 8.74 10.68 9.66
Prachuap Khiri Khan 251 285 536 3,286 2,928 6,214 7.64 9.73 8.63
Central Region 9,446 10,617 20,063 109,752 103,002 212,754 8.61 10.31 9.43
 
     
 
Low birth weight 2006
live births less than 2,500 gm. (number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total
Chiang Mai 1,037 1,147 2,184 9,878 9,044 18,922 10.50 12.68 11.54
Lamphun 201 206 407 1,724 1,566 3,290 11.66 13.15 12.37
Lampang 286 317 603 2,782 2,615 5,397 10.28 12.12 11.17
Uttaradit 205 249 454 2,161 1,959 4,120 9.49 12.71 11.02
Phrae 160 184 344 1,649 1,649 3,298 9.70 11.16 10.43
Nan 194 237 431 2,212 2,115 4,327 8.77 11.21 9.96
Phayao 146 163 309 1,958 1,894 3,852 7.46 8.61 8.02
Chiang Rai 570 683 1,253 5,674 5,465 11,139 10.05 12.50 11.25
Mae Hong Son 318 278 596 1,905 1,775 3,680 16.69 15.66 16.20
Nakhon Sawan 472 488 960 5,396 5,152 10,548 8.75 9.47 9.10
Uthai Thani 151 152 303 1,753 1,638 3,391 8.61 9.28 8.94
Kamphaeng Phet 309 347 656 3,317 3,224 6,541 9.32 10.76 10.03
Tak 797 848 1,645 4,134 3,946 8,080 19.28 21.49 20.36
Sukhothai 221 251 472 2,723 2,467 5,190 8.12 10.17 9.09
Phitsanulok 426 476 902 4,404 4,135 8,539 9.67 11.51 10.56
Phichit 191 216 407 2,482 2,420 4,902 7.70 8.93 8.30
Phetchabun 429 457 886 4,640 4,248 8,888 9.25 10.76 9.97
Northern Region 6,113 6,699 12,812 58,792 55,312 114,104 10.40 12.11 11.23
 
 
Low birth weight 2006
live births less than 2,500 gm. (number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total
Nakhon Ratchasima 1,095 1,255 2,350 13,955 13,066 27,021 7.85 9.61 8.70
Buri Ram 657 745 1,402 8,533 7,776 16,309 7.70 9.58 8.60
Surin 673 805 1,478 7,262 6,822 14,084 9.27 11.80 10.49
Si Sa Ket 687 770 1,457 7,293 6,767 14,060 9.42 11.38 10.36
Ubon Ratchathani 1,080 1,268 2,348 10,713 10,159 20,872 10.08 12.48 11.25
Yasothon 224 284 508 2,488 2,377 4,865 9.00 11.95 10.44
Chaiyaphum 447 541 988 5,296 4,955 10,251 8.44 10.92 9.64
Amnat Charoen 161 184 345 1,988 1,810 3,798 8.10 10.17 9.08
Nong Bua Lam Phu 191 237 428 2,750 2,608 5,358 6.95 9.09 7.99
Khon Kaen 781 891 1,672 9,892 9,337 19,229 7.90 9.54 8.70
Udon Thani 727 831 1,558 8,633 8,240 16,873 8.42 10.08 9.23
Loei 289 293 582 3,427 3,214 6,641 8.43 9.12 8.76
Nong Khai 355 432 787 5,032 4,831 9,863 7.05 8.94 7.98
Maha Sarakham 319 355 674 4,104 3,858 7,962 7.77 9.20 8.47
Roi Et 464 537 1,001 5,731 5,343 11,074 8.10 10.05 9.04
Kalasin 355 417 772 4,711 4,451 9,162 7.54 9.37 8.43
Sakon Nakhon 654 737 1,391 6,978 6,436 13,414 9.37 11.45 10.37
Nakhon Phanom 352 421 773 3,970 3,830 7,800 8.87 10.99 9.91
Mukdahan 192 217 409 1,970 1,839 3,809 9.75 11.80 10.74
Northeastern Region 9,703 11,220 20,923 114,726 107,719 222,445 8.46 10.42 9.41
 
  Southern Region  
 
Low birth weight 2006
live births less than 2,500 gm. (number) live births (number) low birth weight rate (%)
male female total male female total male female total
Nakhon Si Thammarat 735 804 1,539 9,230 8,825 18,055 7.96 9.11 8.52
Krabi 322 372 694 3,679 3,359 7,038 8.75 11.07 9.86
Phang-nga 120 150 270 1,697 1,602 3,299 7.07 9.36 8.18
Phuket 243 307 550 3,555 3,196 6,751 6.84 9.61 8.15
Surat Thani 613 710 1,323 7,568 7,274 14,842 8.10 9.76 8.91
Ranong 80 85 165 1,074 1,052 2,126 7.45 8.08 7.76
Chumphon 286 263 549 3,137 2,974 6,111 9.12 8.84 8.98
Songkhla 902 1,062 1,964 10,874 10,175 21,049 8.30 10.44 9.33
Satun 169 206 375 2,361 2,235 4,596 7.16 9.22 8.16
Trang 402 476 878 4,727 4,450 9,177 8.50 10.70 9.57
Phatthalung 199 255 454 2,880 2,796 5,676 6.91 9.12 8.00
Pattani 457 536 993 6,055 5,712 11,767 7.55 9.38 8.44
Yala 463 514 977 5,238 4,933 10,171 8.84 10.42 9.61
Narathiwat 606 644 1,250 6,604 6,324 12,928 9.18 10.18 9.67
Southern Region 5,597 6,384 11,981 68,679 64,907 133,586 8.15 9.84 8.97
 
     
 

Indicator 12.5 Proportion of Underweight Children 5/6 Years and under

  
     
  Underweight, a basic indicator for malnutrition, is attributed to family’s income, knowledge about good nutrition practice. Underweight children lag behind other children in their physical, mental and emotional development. As a result of changing nutritional pattern and life style, Thai children are facing another kind of problem – overweight.  
     
  Under weight children 5/6 years and under  
     
  According to Thailand Diet and Nutrition Survey 2003, 11.3% of children aged 5 years and under were underweight. The underweight rate was higher among boys in both urban and rural areas in all regions. The Northeast had the highest percentage of underweighted children, followed by the South. Underweight was more prevalent among rural than urban children.  
     
  According to the Bureau of Health’s surveillance report in 2007, provinces with the highest percentage of underweight children 6 years and under were Chonburi (7.22), Mukdahan (6.10), Pattani (5.70), Tak (5.49), and Yala (5.33)  
     
  Provinces with the lowest percentage of underweighted children 6 years and under were Samut Sakhon (0.59), Pathum Thani (0.61), Nonthaburi (0.79), Ayutthaya (1.02), and Ang Thong (1.07)  
     
  Underweight children 5 years and under by sex and region, sex and administrative area 2003(Division of Nutrition, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health)  
     
 
Undweweight children
5 years and under
children weighed (number)
overweight(%)
nearly overweight (%)
normal (%)
nearly underweight (%)
underweight (%)
male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total male female total
Whole Kingdom 1,279 1,215 2,494 4.8 5.1 5 2.3 1.6 2 66.6 71.4 68.9 13.6 11.9 12.8 12.6 10 11.3
Bangkok Metropolis n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Central Region 218 208 426 8.7 6.7 6.5 3.2 1.4 2.3 67 78.4 72.5 11.5 9.1 10.3 9.6 4.3 7
Northern Region 249 247 496 6 6.9 6.5 3.2 2.4 2.8 69.9 73.7 71.8 12 8.9 10.5 8.8 8.1 8.5
Northeastern Region 582 558 1,140 3.4 4.3 3.9 1.7 1.4 1.6 65.1 67.9 66.5 14.9 13.8 14.4 14.8 12.5 13.7
Southern Region 230 202 432 3.5 3.5 3.5 2.2 1.5 1.9 66.5 70.8 68.5 13.9 12.9 13.4 13.9 11.4 12.7
municipal areas 289 281 570 6.2 4.6 5.4 2.4 2.8 2.6 70.2 75.4 72.8 12.8 9.6 11.2 8.3 7.5 7.9
non-municipal areas 990 934 1,924 4.4 5.2 4.8 2.3 1.3 1.8 65.5 70.1 67.8 13.8 12.5 13.2 13.8 10.8 12.4
 
  Underweight children 6 years by region (Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health)  
 
Underweight children 6
years and under
2003
2004
2005
underweight
children
(number)
children
weighed
(number)
underweigh
tchildren (%)
underweight
children
(number)
children
weighed
(number)
underweight
children (%)
underweight
children
(number)
children
weighed
(number)
underweight
children (%)
Whole Kingdom
19,248
2,626,208
0.79
57,031
2,250,812
2.53
74,341
2,628,929
2.83
Bangkok Metropol
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
Central Region
1,023
505,976
0.20
7,304
542,953
1.35
12,779
668,813
1.91
Northern Region
2,459
340,961
0.72
9,725
363,866
2.67
15,330
452,373
3.39
Northeastern Region
12,640
1,329,674
0.95
30,149
993,551
3.03
34,306
1,063,127
3.23
Southern Region
3,126
449,597
0.70
9,853
350,442
2.81
11,926
444,616
2.68
 
 
Underweight children 6
years and under 		2006 2007
underweight
children
(number)
children
weighed
(number)
underweight
children (%)
underweight
children
(number)
children
weighed
(number)
underweight
children (%)
Whole Kingdom
 77,359 2,627,338 2.94 84,917 2,905,342 2.92
Bangkok Metropol
 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
Central Region
 14,538 516,612 2.81 13,582 702,921 1.93
Northern Region
10,969 403,905 2.72 14,824 432,209 3.43
Northeastern Region
40,031 1,345,106 2.98 41,285 1,267,051 3.26
Southern Region
 11,821 361,715 3.27 15,226 503,161 3.03
 
  Underweight children 6 years by province (Bureau of Health Promotion, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health)  
     
  Central Region  
 
Underweight children 6 years and under
2007
 
underweight children (number)
children weighed (number)
underweight children (%)
Samut Prakan n.a. n.a. n.a.
Nonthaburi 328 41,640 0.79
Pathum Thani 236 38,917 0.61
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 396 38,771 1.02
Ang Thong 181 16,909 1.07
Lop Buri 767 42,037 1.82
Sing Buri 162 11,823 1.37
Chai Nat 519 18,676 2.78
Saraburi 808 33,993 2.38
Chon Buri 943 13,066 7.22
Rayong 983 23,454 4.19
Chanthaburi 567 30,337 1.87
Trat 311 12,832 2.42
Chachoengsao 529 39,570 1.34
Prachin Buri 941 30,884 3.05
Nakhon Nayok n.a. n.a. n.a.
Sa Kaeo 1,290 37,719 3.42
Ratchaburi 909 42,517 2.14
Kanchanaburi 1,062 47,918 2.22
Suphan Buri 948 44,769 2.12
Nakhon Pathom 578 48,868 1.18
Samut Sakhon 181 30,738 0.59
Samut Songkhram 148 8,839 1.67
Phetchaburi 348 25,735 1.35
Prachuap Khiri Khan 447 22,909 1.95
Central Region 13,582 702,921 1.93
 
     
  Northern Region  
  2007
Underweight children 6 years and under
underweight children (number) children weighed (number) underweight children (%)
Chiang Mai 2,957 77,320 3.82
Lamphun n.a. n.a. n.a.
Lampang n.a. n.a. n.a.
Uttaradit 812 26,121 3.11
Phrae 657 20,094 3.27
Nan n.a. n.a. n.a.
Phayao n.a. n.a. n.a.
Chiang Rai n.a. n.a. n.a.
Mae Hong Son n.a. n.a. n.a.
Nakhon Sawan 1,207 49,747 2.43
Uthai Thani 438 18,368 2.38
Kamphaeng Phet 1,129 45,390 2.49
Tak 2,197 39,987 5.49
Sukhothai 1,066 31,325 3.40
Phitsanulok 1,390 39,337 3.53
Phichit 821 19,424 4.23
Phetchabun 2,150 65,096 3.30
Northern Region 14,824 432,209 3.43
 
  Northeastern Region Southern Region  
  2007
Underweight children 6 years and under
underweight children (number) children weighed (number) underweight children (%)
Nakhon Ratchasima 4,417 139,315 3.17
Buri Ram 4,182 112,012 3.73
Surin 3,828 93,770 4.08
Si Sa Ket 4,922 99,740 4.93
Ubon Ratchathani 6,311 142,303 4.43
Yasothon 981 35,014 2.80
Chaiyaphum 1,208 68,186 1.77
Amnat Charoen 873 26,162 3.34
Nong Bua Lam Phu 593 34,998 1.69
Khon Kaen 810 69,754 1.16
Udon Thani n.a. n.a. n.a.
Loei 1,335 41,452 3.22
Nong Khai 1,002 60,754 1.65
Maha Sarakham 1,673 56,884 2.94
Roi Et 2,509 79,894 3.14
Kalasin 1,415 59,245 2.39
Sakon Nakhon 2,359 70,731 3.34
Nakhon Phanom 1,405 52,882 2.66
Mukdahan 1,462 23,955 6.10
Northeastern Region 41,285 1,267,051 3.26
 
     
  2007
Underweight children 6 years and under
underweight children (number) children weighed (number) underweight children (%)
Nakhon Si Thammarat 1,318 56,875 2.32
Krabi 474 36,091 1.31
Phang-nga n.a. n.a. n.a.
Phuket 218 15093 1.44
Surat Thani 792 63536 1.25
Ranong 420 12137 3.46
Chumphon n.a. n.a. n.a.
Songkhla 1923 74091 2.60
Satun 929 25,745 3.61
Trang 899 39,419 2.28
Phatthalung 1,237 30,398 4.07
Pattani 3,033 53,249 5.70
Yala 2,211 41,464 5.33
Narathiwat 1,772 55,063 3.22
Southern Region 15,226 503,161 3.03
 
  Indicator 12.6 Proportion of Births by Women Under 20 Years Old  
     
  Most pregnancies among young women are unplanned. Young women are generally not prepared for pregnancy or motherhood; they do not have adequate knowledge on pregnancy, child rearing, which may result in toxemia of pregnancy, infectious delivery, infant mortality or disability. In addition, young mothers are often deprived of education, career and social opportunities to improve the quality of life for themselves and their children.  
     
 

Under-aged mothers

  
     
 

Under-aged mothers accounted for 13.9% of all live births in 2002. In 2006, the percentage rose to 14.7%. The North and the Central Region posed the highest rates at 17% and 16.6%, respectively. Bangkok had the lowest rate at 10.9%, and was the only area that reported a decline.

In 2006, provinces with the highest percentage of under-aged mothers were Kanchanaburi (22.88), Prachuap Khiri Khan (22.67), Chai Nat (21.43), Kamphaeng Phet (21.14), Suphan Buri (20.64).

Provinces with the lowest percentage of under-aged mothers were Pattani (9.44), Yala (10.74), Bangkok (10.88), Phuket (10.92), Narathiwat (11.05).

Births by women under 20 years old by region

  
     
 
Births by women under 20 years old
2002
2003
2004
mothers
under 20
years old (number)
live births (number)
births by
women under
20 years old
(%)
mothers
under 20
years old
(number)
live births
(number)
births by
women under
20 years old
(%)
mothers
under 20
years old
(number)
live births
(number)
births by
women under
20 years old
(%)
Whole Kingdom 109,077 782,911 13.93 100,469 742,183 13.54 116,018 813,069 14.27
Bangkok Metropolis 20,348 114,378 17.79 12,655 113,284 11.17 13,132 117,601 11.17
Central Region 27,521 189,515 14.52 27,780 175,863 15.80 34,538 207,041 16.68
Northern Region 17,234 116,071 14.85 16,783 111,514 15.05 19,060 119,023 16.01
Northeastern Region 30,553 237,273 12.88 29,130 217,904 13.37 33,036 237,052 13.94
Southern Region 13,421 125,674 10.68 14,121 123,618 11.42 16,252 132,352 12.28
 
 
Births by women under 20 years old
2005
2006
mothers
under 20
years old
(number)
live births
(number)
births by women under
20 years old
(%)
mothers
under
20years old
(number)
live births
(number)
births by women under
20 years old
(%)
Whole Kingdom 117,732 809,485 14.54 117,049 793,623 14.75
Bangkok Metropolis 12,424 113,672 10.93 12,044 110,734 10.88
Central Region 35,382 209,235 16.91 35,411 212,754 16.64
Northern Region 19,352 117,935 16.41 19,391 114,104 16.99
Northeastern Region 33,159 233,624 14.19 32,917 222,445 14.80
Southern Region 17,415 135,019 12.90 17,289 133,586 12.94
 
 

Births by women under 20 years old by province

Bangkok Metropolis

 
     
  2006
Births by women under 20 years old
mothers under 20 years old (number) live births (number) births by women under 20 years old (%)
Bangkok Metropolis 12,044 110,734 10.88
 
     
  Central Region Northern Region  
     
  2006
Births by women under 20 years old
mothers under 20 years old (number) live births (number) births by women under 20 years old (%)
Samut Prakan 2,398 18,660 12.85
Nonthaburi 1,628 11,514 14.14
Pathum Thani 1,793 14,962 11.98
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 1,574 9,746 16.15
Ang Thong 547 2,850 19.19
Lop Buri 1,511 7,676 19.68
Sing Buri 440 2,237 19.67
Chai Nat 598 2,791 21.43
Saraburi 1,490 8,741 17.05
Chon Buri 3,852 27,357 14.08
Rayong 1,774 9,595 18.49
Chanthaburi 1,226 6,341 19.33
Trat 495 2,542 19.47
Chachoengsao 1,489 8,124 18.33
Prachin Buri 953 5,820 16.37
Nakhon Nayok 557 2,919 19.08
Sa Kaeo 1,119 5,883 19.02
Ratchaburi 1,878 11,214 16.75
Kanchanaburi 2,234 9,766 22.88
Suphan Buri 1,873 9,074 20.64
Nakhon Pathom 1,771 9,570 18.51
Samut Sakhon 1,479 12,125 12.20
Samut Songkhram 307 1,651 18.59
Phetchaburi 1,016 5,382 18.88
Prachuap Khiri Khan 1,409 6,214 22.67
Central Region 35,411 212,754 16.64
 
  2006
Births by women under 20 years old
mothers under 20 years old (number) live births (number) births by women under 20 years old (%)
Chiang Mai 2,922 18,922 15.44
Lamphun 473 3,290 14.38
Lampang 759 5,397 14.06
Uttaradit 604 4,120 14.66
Phrae 421 3,298 12.77
Nan 621 4,327 14.35
Phayao 528 3,852 13.71
Chiang Rai 1,742 11,139 15.64
Mae Hong Son 756 3,680 20.54
Nakhon Sawan 2,164 10,548 20.52
Uthai Thani 632 3,391 18.64
Kamphaeng Phet 1,383 6,541 21.14
Tak 1,537 8,080 19.02
Sukhothai 986 5,190 19.00
Phitsanulok 1,443 8,539 16.90
Phichit 952 4,902 19.42
Phetchabun 1,468 8,888 16.52
Northern Region 19,391 114,104 16.99
 
  Northeastern Region Southern Region  
     
  2006
Births by women under 20 years old
mothers under 20 years old (number) live births (number) births by women under 20 years old (%)
Nakhon Ratchasima 3,995 27,021 14.78
Buri Ram 2,435 16,309 14.93
Surin 1,764 14,084 12.52
Si Sa Ket 1,892 14,060 13.46
Ubon Ratchathani 3,044 20,872 14.58
Yasothon 703 4,865 14.45
Chaiyaphum 1,738 10,251 16.95
Amnat Charoen 489 3,798 12.88
Nong Bua Lam Phu 878 5,358 16.39
Khon Kaen 2,881 19,229 14.98
Udon Thani 2,895 16,873 17.16
Loei 1,053 6,641 15.86
Nong Khai 1,436 9,863 14.56
Maha Sarakham 1,153 7,962 14.48
Roi Et 1,599 11,074 14.44
Kalasin 1,552 9,162 16.94
Sakon Nakhon 1,833 13,414 13.66
Nakhon Phanom 1,074 7,800 13.77
Mukdahan 503 3,809 13.21
Northeastern Region 32,917 222,445 14.80
 
     
  2006
Births by women under 20 years old
mothers under 20 years old (number) live births (number) births by women under 20 years old (%)
Nakhon Si Thammarat 2,513 18,055 13.92
Krabi 1,145 7,038 16.27
Phang-nga 532 3,299 16.13
Phuket 737 6,751 10.92
Surat Thani 2,231 14,842 15.03
Ranong 391 2,126 18.39
Chumphon 957 6,111 15.66
Songkhla 2,488 21,049 11.82
Satun 659 4,596 14.34
Trang 1,257 9,177 13.70
Phatthalung 744 5,676 13.11
Pattani 1,111 11,767 9.44
Yala 1,092 10,171 10.74
Narathiwat 1,429 12,928 11.05
Southern Region 17,289 133,586 12.94
 
 

Indicator 12.7 Number of Child/Minor Abuse Cases

  
     
 

Thai society should recognize the severity of the problem of child abuses, especially young girls who are the most vulnerable group. A more organized and comprehensive support system is needed, including an integrated reporting system to generate reliable data that can be used for planning and evaluating relevant policies and programmes.

 
     
 

Indicator 12.8 Number of Abused Children/Minors

  
     
  Increase in child/minor abuses reflects growing family and social maladies. Lack of correct understanding about the role and responsibility of women and men is an underlying root cause of this problem. At present, there is no macro-level data on this indicator, which makes it diffi cult to assess the level and severity of the problem, and to determine appropriate measures.